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Group therapy for schizophrenia: A meta-analysis.

Gary M Burlingame¹, Hal Svien¹, Lars Hoppe²

¹Department of Clinical Psychology.

Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.)

|June 2, 2020

Summary

Group treatments for schizophrenia show small but significant symptom improvement. Cognitive remediation, multifamily, psychoeducational, and social skills training were most effective for positive and negative symptoms.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology
Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

Effectiveness of group treatments for schizophrenia requires symptom-specific evaluation.
Differential effects of popular group therapies for schizophrenia are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on group treatments for schizophrenia.
To assess effectiveness on positive and negative symptoms.
To determine if treatment-specific outcomes correlate with symptom improvement.

Main Methods:

Searched major databases (1990-2018) for RCTs of group treatments for schizophrenia.
Included studies on first-episode psychosis.
Conducted random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression on 52 studies (4,156 individuals).

Main Results:

A significant, small effect size (g = 0.30) was found for symptom-specific outcomes.
Cognitive remediation, multifamily, psychoeducational, and social skills training showed significant improvement.
Treatment-specific outcome changes explained 16% of symptom and 44% of functioning improvement.

Conclusions:

Replicates past meta-analytic findings on group treatments for schizophrenia.
Suggests revision of practice guidelines to include evidence-based group therapies.
Highlights the importance of specific group modalities for symptom management.