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Segregation within school classes: Detecting social clustering in choice data.

Fredrik Jansson1,2, Gunn Elisabeth Birkelund3,4, Mats Lillehagen3

  • 1Centre for Cultural Evolution, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Plos One
|June 2, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Students with similar backgrounds socially cluster based on shared choices, influenced by both peer effects and individual preferences. This social clustering is evident in immigrant students but not those from culturally similar nations.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Education

Background:

  • Social clustering and peer influence are key factors in educational and life choices.
  • Distinguishing peer influence from background factors is methodologically challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method for detecting social clustering patterns using choice data.
  • To investigate social clustering among students based on shared backgrounds, considering peer influence and exogenous factors.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a method comparing similar subjects within and between cohorts to isolate peer influence.
  • Applied the method to Norwegian register data, analyzing student curricular track choices.

Main Results:

  • Common background significantly correlates with identical curricular track choices.
  • Both exogenous preferences and peer influence play a role in student choices.
  • Social clustering based on shared background is observed in immigrant students and their descendants, but not in students from culturally similar countries.
  • Minor effects of parental education and income on social clustering were also noted.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method effectively identifies social clustering patterns driven by peer influence and background.
  • Student social clustering is a complex phenomenon influenced by a combination of shared background, peer effects, and individual preferences.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering both individual and group dynamics in educational choices, particularly for immigrant populations.