Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lucid Dreaming01:10

Lucid Dreaming

435
Lucid dreaming is a unique state of consciousness where an individual realizes they are dreaming while still in the dream. This awareness allows them to manipulate their dream environment consciously. Researchers like Stephen LaBerge have significantly contributed to the understanding of lucid dreams, highlighting that during these dreams, certain areas of the brain, such as the prefrontal cortex, that involve self-awareness and thought evaluation show increased activity.
Studies have shown...
435
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

1.0K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
1.0K
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.2K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.2K
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.3K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.3K
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

2.6K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
2.6K
Dreaming01:30

Dreaming

403
Sigmund Freud revolutionized our understanding of dreams by proposing that they are a window into the unconscious mind. According to Freud, dreams are not mere stories our minds create while we sleep but are profoundly meaningful narratives about our hidden desires and fears. He introduced two key concepts: manifest content and latent content. The manifest content is the actual content and imagery of the dream — what we remember when we wake up. The latent content, however, represents the...
403

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AI agents are sensitive to nudges.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Festschrift in honor of Dr. Robert Stickgold, pioneer in sleep, memory, and dream research.

Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society·2026
Same author

Sleepless in Society: Introducing the Concept of Public Sleep.

Clocks & sleep·2026
Same author

Quantifying vocal subsystems of adults with minimally verbal autism spectrum disorder.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2026
Same author

Testing affect regulation theories of dreaming.

Sleep·2026
Same author

Sleep and wake markers of thalamocortical functioning in early-course psychosis and first-degree relatives.

Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Task-induced transient depersonalization- and derealization-like experiences: a comparative examination of mirror gazing and fixed attention tasks.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same journal

Information compression trumps accuracy when viewing groups of faces.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same journal

Memory for scene details in eye-movement behavior, with and without awareness.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same journal

When one part feels, the whole belongs: associations between local touch referral and illusory full-limb ownership in individuals with leg amputation.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same journal

Inhibitory control and mind wandering; more difficult inhibition decreases mind wandering, within limits.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
Same journal

Autism and Aphantasia.

Consciousness and cognition·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila
18:08

Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila

Published on: September 28, 2010

48.0K

Dormio: A targeted dream incubation device.

Adam Haar Horowitz1, Tony J Cunningham2, Pattie Maes1

  • 1MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.

Consciousness and Cognition
|June 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed a new wearable device, Dormio, for targeted dream incubation (TDI). This technology allows for direct incorporation of information into dreams, aiding memory consolidation research.

Keywords:
CreativityDevicesDreamsElectronicsIncubationMemorySleep onsetWearables

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
05:59

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

Published on: October 20, 2023

2.9K
The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila
06:06

The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila

Published on: December 14, 2020

4.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila
18:08

Assaying Locomotor Activity to Study Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Parameters in Drosophila

Published on: September 28, 2010

48.0K
Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
05:59

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System

Published on: October 20, 2023

2.9K
The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila
06:06

The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila

Published on: December 14, 2020

4.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Sleep facilitates information processing and memory consolidation.
  • Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) uses sensory stimuli to enhance memory consolidation during sleep.
  • Current TMR methods lack direct evidence of dream content incorporation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel protocol and wearable device for targeted dream incubation (TDI).
  • To enable direct incorporation of targeted information into dream content.
  • To provide tools for controlled experimentation on dream content and its role in memory.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a wearable electronic device, Dormio.
  • Implementation of serial auditory dream incubations at sleep onset.
  • Presentation of targeted information during the hypnagogic period.

Main Results:

  • Dormio and TDI protocols enable automatic generation of dream incubations.
  • Targeted information can be directly incorporated into dream content.
  • Validation data supports the feasibility of the TDI protocol.

Conclusions:

  • Dormio and TDI offer a new method for studying dream content.
  • This approach can illuminate the role of dreams in memory transformation.
  • Enables controlled experimentation on the relationship between dreams and memory consolidation.