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Metabolic consequences of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A new challenge in clinical practice

Ioannis Parthymos1, George Liamis1, Evangelia Dounousi2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|June 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) offer advanced cancer treatment but can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting any organ. Understanding irAEs is crucial for timely recognition and management by clinicians.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) represent a significant advancement in cancer therapy.
  • ICPIs modulate the immune system, leading to potential immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
  • irAEs can manifest across all organ systems and mimic various clinical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of irAEs.
  • To describe the clinical manifestations of irAEs.
  • To outline the treatment strategies for irAEs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ICPIs and associated adverse events.
  • Analysis of reported cases and clinical guidelines.
  • Synthesis of information on irAEs' mechanisms, presentation, and management.

Main Results:

  • ICPIs are associated with a spectrum of irAEs affecting diverse organ systems.
  • Recognition of irAEs requires awareness of their varied presentations.
  • Effective management strategies exist for most irAEs.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians across specialties must be prepared to diagnose and manage irAEs.
  • Timely intervention is key to mitigating the impact of irAEs.
  • Further research may refine understanding and treatment of irAEs.
Keywords:
ColitisDiabetesHypophysitisImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPneumonitisThyroid disorders

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