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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Clinical Trials01:16

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

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Large randomized controlled trials in infertility.

Rui Wang1, Zi-Jiang Chen2, Lan N Vuong3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.

Fertility and Sterility
|June 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are crucial for infertility research to ensure sufficient statistical power. Adhering to quality standards in trial design, analysis, and reporting is essential for reliable results.

Keywords:
Randomized controlled trialsethicsinfertilityreportingstatistical analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine
  • Clinical trial methodology

Background:

  • Infertility research often involves small treatment effects requiring high statistical power.
  • Ethical considerations and the need for large-scale studies are paramount in this field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the fundamental principles of conducting high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in infertility research.
  • To emphasize the importance of robust trial design, transparent reporting, and ethical conduct.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of essential components for ensuring trial quality.
  • Focus on protocols, registration, monitoring, study design, analysis, and reporting standards.

Main Results:

  • Large RCTs are necessary to detect subtle treatment effects in infertility.
  • Common issues in published trials include nonblinding and denominator misuse, highlighting areas for improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing rigorous protocols, transparent reporting, and sound design/analysis are critical for advancing infertility research.
  • Adherence to reporting standards enhances critical appraisal and interpretation of trial outcomes.