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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Pigmentation01:19

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

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Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
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Age and Melanocytic Lesions.

Adrienne B Shannon1, Yun Song1, Xiaowei Xu2

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Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America
|June 3, 2020
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Summary

Age significantly impacts cutaneous melanoma, influencing its occurrence, presentation, and severity. Understanding these age-related differences is crucial for effective patient counseling and melanoma treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Adolescent melanomaLymph node metastasesMelanocytic lesions and agePediatric melanomaSpitz nevi

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Age is a critical factor influencing cutaneous melanoma.
  • Juvenile melanoma presents a spectrum of spitzoid and nonspitzoid lesions.
  • Spitzoid melanomas in children, though more favorable, are malignant and require treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the role of age in cutaneous melanoma.
  • To understand age-related differences in melanoma incidence, presentation, and metastasis.
  • To highlight the importance of age in patient counseling for melanoma.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on age and melanoma.
  • Analysis of melanoma presentation and progression across different age groups.
  • Comparison of metastasis rates in younger versus older melanoma patients.

Main Results:

  • Age influences melanoma incidence, presentation, and disease extent.
  • Lymph node metastasis rates are lower in older melanoma patients but remain significant.
  • Juvenile melanomas exhibit diverse spitzoid and nonspitzoid presentations.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a key determinant in melanoma development and progression.
  • Recognizing age-specific melanoma characteristics is vital for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
  • Tailoring patient counseling based on age-related melanoma data improves care.