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An integrated model of multimorbidity and symptom science
Toni Tripp-Reimer1, Janet K Williams1, Sue E Gardner1
1College of Nursing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
Background:
Prevalence and complexity of persons with multiple chronic conditions (MCC), also known as multimorbidity, are shifting clinical practice from a single disease focus to one considering MCC and symptoms. Although symptoms are intricately bound to concepts inherent in MCC science, symptoms are largely ignored in multimorbidity research and literature.
Purpose:
Introduce an Integrated Model of Multimorbidity and Symptom Science.
Methods:
Critical integrative review and synthesis process.
Findings:
The model comprises three primary domains: 1. Contributing/ Risk Factors; 2. Symptom/Disease/Treatment Interactions; and 3. Patient Outcomes.
Discussion:
The model highlights the multilevel nature of contributing factors and the recursive interactions among multiple etiologies, conditions, symptoms, therapies, and outcomes.
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