MAML1/2 promote YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and tumorigenesis
Jiyoung Kim1, Hyeryun Kwon1, You Keun Shin2
1Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, 02504 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Summary
Mastermind-like 1 and 2 (MAML1/2) are crucial for YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and function. This axis, regulated by microRNA-30c, is implicated in cancer development and may offer new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- The Hippo pathway regulates tissue homeostasis and tumor suppression.
- Yeast and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) are key downstream Hippo pathway effectors.
- YAP/TAZ activity is controlled by phosphorylation-dependent cytoplasmic retention, but nuclear localization mechanisms are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing YAP/TAZ nuclear localization.
- To investigate the role of Mastermind-like 1 and 2 (MAML1/2) in YAP/TAZ regulation.
- To explore the potential of the miR-30c-MAML-YAP/TAZ axis as a cancer therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Investigated MAML1/2's role in YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and transcriptional activity using ectopic expression and depletion.
- Utilized mutagenesis of MAML nuclear localization signals and YAP/TAZ interaction regions.
- Examined microRNA-30c (miR-30c) regulation of MAML1 mRNA levels in a cell-density-dependent manner.
Main Results:
- MAML1/2 are essential for YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity.
- Mutations in MAML's nuclear localization signal or YAP/TAZ interaction domain abolished YAP/TAZ nuclear localization and activity.
- MAML1 mRNA levels are regulated by miR-30c in a cell-density-dependent manner.
- MAML potentiates YAP/TAZ oncogenic function, correlating with YAP/TAZ activation in human cancers.
Conclusions:
- MAML1/2 are indispensable regulators of YAP/TAZ subcellular localization and function.
- The miR-30c-MAML-YAP/TAZ axis plays a significant role in cancer development.
- This axis represents a promising therapeutic target for novel cancer treatments.
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