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Promoting Antenatal Care Attendance Through a Text Messaging Intervention in Samoa: Quasi-Experimental Study.

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  • 1School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.

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Unidirectional text messages in Samoa did not improve antenatal care (ANC) visits and may have discouraged attendance. Effective SMS interventions require bidirectional communication for better maternal health outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Maternal Health
  • Digital Health Interventions
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antenatal care (ANC) is crucial for maternal health but underutilized in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Text messaging interventions show promise for improving ANC utilization, yet implementation effects require further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate barriers and facilitators of an SMS text messaging intervention for pregnant women in Samoa.
  • To determine the impact of this intervention on antenatal care attendance.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental design was used in Upolu, Samoa (March-August 2014).
  • Pregnant women received either SMS messages or usual care.
  • Negative binomial regressions analyzed the association between the intervention and ANC attendance.

Main Results:

  • Women receiving SMS messages attended 15% fewer ANC visits compared to the control group (P=.004).
  • Implementation barriers included late registration, phone sharing, and inconsistent intervention explanations.

Conclusions:

  • Unidirectional SMS messages may discourage ANC attendance in Samoa.
  • Effective digital health interventions for maternal care necessitate bidirectional communication between patients and healthcare providers.