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Related Concept Videos

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Obstructive sleep apnea caused by acromegaly: Case report.

Ning Zhou1,2, Jean-Pierre T F Ho1, Nico De Vries2,3,4

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice
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PubMed
Summary

Acromegaly, a growth hormone disorder, can cause severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Treating the underlying pituitary adenoma significantly improved the patient's sleep apnea symptoms.

Keywords:
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Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Acromegaly, a rare syndrome resulting from excess growth hormone, leads to progressive physical changes and systemic complications.
  • This condition is typically caused by a pituitary adenoma or pituitary gland hypertrophy.
  • This case study focuses on a rare instance where acromegaly caused severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Observation:

  • A female patient presented with worsening sleep quality and was diagnosed with severe OSA.
  • Distinctive facial features prompted suspicion of acromegaly, later confirmed by hormonal tests and MRI.
  • The patient underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma.

Findings:

  • Post-surgery, the patient experienced significant improvement in OSA, with residual Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) of 5.5.
  • Hormonal analysis and MRI confirmed acromegaly as the cause of the patient's symptoms.
  • Surgical intervention for the pituitary adenoma led to near-complete resolution of OSA.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the necessity of thorough clinical evaluation in OSA patients.
  • Clinicians managing sleep-related breathing disorders must consider potential underlying causes of upper airway obstruction.
  • Recognizing acromegaly as a potential cause of OSA is crucial for effective patient management.