Functionalized nerve conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration: A literature review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Peripheral nerve injury significantly impacts function.
• Functionalized neurotubes represent advanced conduits for nerve repair.
• Understanding their properties and efficacy is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review functionalized nerve conduits based on chemical and architectural properties.
• To elucidate their mechanisms of action in peripheral nerve regeneration.
• To compare their efficacy against autologous nerve grafts.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of Medline and PubMed Central.
• Selection of studies on functionalized neurotubes for peripheral nerve regeneration.
• Classification of conduits by features: neurotrophic factors, cell-based therapy, ECM proteins, tissue engineering, bioimplants.

Main Results:

• Fifty-five studies were selected and categorized.
• Functionalized neurotubes demonstrated superior functional outcomes compared to end-to-end nerve suture.
• No study conclusively proved superiority over autologous nerve grafts.

Conclusions:

• Functionalized neurotubes serve as effective platforms for peripheral nerve regeneration.
• Further advancements in bioengineering and microsurgery may lead to improved regeneration and functional recovery.
• These conduits hold promise for bridging critical nerve gaps.