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Smart injectable self-setting bioceramics for dental applications.

Qurat Ul Ain Malik1, Sundus Iftikhar1, Saba Zahid2

  • 1Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Oral Biology, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Khayaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
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Summary

A new injectable bioactive glass (BAG) sets at body temperature, offering a promising material for dental and bone regeneration. Ultrasonic activation significantly speeds up setting and improves homogeneity, enhancing its potential for minimally invasive procedures.

Keywords:
Bioactive glassBone regenerationDental regenerationInjectableOsteoblasts

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Materials

Background:

  • Injectable bioactive glasses (BAGs) are advanced materials for bone and tooth regeneration.
  • Developing thermo-responsive BAGs that set at body temperature is crucial for minimally invasive applications.
  • Existing formulations require optimization for faster setting and improved handling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a thermo-responsive injectable bioactive glass (BAG) composite.
  • To investigate the effect of ultrasonic activation on the setting properties of the BAG.
  • To evaluate the in vitro bioactivity, bio-adhesion, and cytocompatibility of the injectable BAG for potential dental applications.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of thermo-responsive BAG using pluronic F127 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
  • Structural and morphological analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
  • In vitro bio-adhesion, mineral density analysis, MTT assay, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for bioactivity and cytocompatibility assessment.

Main Results:

  • The injectable BAG demonstrated thermo-responsive setting at body temperature.
  • Ultrasonic scaler treatment accelerated BAG setting threefold and homogenized the dispersion.
  • In vitro studies confirmed apatite layer formation, indicating bioactivity, and showed no cytotoxic effects with continuous cell proliferation.
  • SEM and micro-CT revealed the potential of the BAG to regenerate dentin.

Conclusions:

  • The developed thermo-responsive injectable BAG shows excellent potential for dental and biomedical applications.
  • Ultrasonic activation enhances the clinical applicability of this injectable BAG formulation.
  • The material supports cell growth and exhibits bioactivity, paving the way for future tooth and bone regeneration therapies.