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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
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Gastrointestinal Disorders and the Nervous System.

Halina White

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |June 4, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Gastrointestinal diseases can cause neurological problems through nutrient deficiencies, immune responses, toxins, or medication side effects. This review covers these gut-brain axis connections and their treatments.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Gastrointestinal (GI) pathologies can significantly impact nervous system function.
    • Mechanisms include micronutrient deficiencies, immune dysregulation, and toxic byproducts of organ failure.
    • Therapeutic interventions for GI conditions may also have neurological side effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the neurologic sequelae of various GI diseases.
    • To discuss treatments for these conditions.
    • To outline the role of the microbiome in the gut-nervous system axis.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on GI diseases and neurologic complications.
    • Analysis of mechanisms linking GI pathology to nervous system dysfunction.

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  • Synthesis of current treatment strategies and emerging research.

    • Main Results:

    • Nutritional deficiencies stemming from GI disease can lead to neurological deficits.
    • Immune responses originating in the gut can affect the central and peripheral nervous systems.
    • Liver disease and its complications can manifest with significant neurologic symptoms.
    • Celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease are associated with a range of neurologic issues.
    • The gut microbiome's influence on neurological health is an evolving area of research.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the gut-brain axis is crucial for managing patients with both GI and neurologic conditions.
    • Multidisciplinary approaches are often necessary for effective treatment.
    • Further research into the microbiome's role holds promise for novel therapeutic strategies.