Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Demystifying Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS): Image Acquisition and Interpretation
Published on: May 16, 2025
Anatomical Extent of Venous Reflux
Fedor Lurie1,2
1Department of Vascular Surgery, Promedica Jobst Vascular Institute, Toledo, OH, USA. Fedor.lurie@promedica.org.
Venous reflux classification is inconsistent. New international consensus defines three reflux classes: segmental, multi-segmental, and axial, aiding clinical practice and literature consistency.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Medical Terminology
- Anatomy
Background:
- The anatomical extent of venous reflux is crucial but lacks consistent description in medical literature.
- International consensus provides standardized definitions for three primary reflux classes: segmental, multi-segmental, and axial.
Discussion:
- This report clarifies the standard definitions for the anatomical extent of venous reflux.
- It differentiates between segmental, multi-segmental, and axial reflux classifications.
- Challenges in applying these new classifications in clinical settings are examined.
Key Insights:
- Standardized definitions for venous reflux extent are now available.
- Distinguishing between segmental, multi-segmental, and axial reflux is essential.
- Clinical implementation of these definitions presents practical challenges.
Outlook:
- Adoption of standardized terminology will improve research and clinical communication.
- Further studies may refine the implementation of these classifications.
- Consistent application is expected to enhance patient care and diagnostic accuracy.
More Related Videos
08:05Occlusion of the Great and Small Saphenous Vein Using Copolymeric Glue Based on N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and Methacryloxy Sulfolane
Published on: December 9, 2022
06:02Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens
Published on: April 18, 2013
Related Concept Videos
Venous Return
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system...
Overview of Systemic Veins
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the...
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Veins of Lower Limbs
Formed by the union of the medial and lateral plantar veins, the posterior tibial vein, rising through the calf muscle, assimilates the fibular vein. The anterior tibial vein, a superior extension of the foot's dorsalis pedis vein, merges with the posterior tibial vein at the...
Veins as Blood Reservoirs
Veins of the Abdomen and Pelvis
The inferior vena cava is fed by numerous smaller veins. The lumbar veins, for instance, drain the posterior abdominal wall, emptying both directly into the inferior vena cava and into the...