Recent trends in airway management

Clinical airway management continues to advance at a fast pace. To help update busy anesthesiologists, this abbreviated review summarizes notable airway management advances over the past few years. We briefly discuss advances in video laryngoscopy, in flexible intubation scopes, in jet ventilation, and in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We also discuss noninvasive ventilation in the forms of high-flow nasal cannula apneic oxygenation and ventilation and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) masks. Emerging concepts related to airway management, including the physiologically difficult airway and lower airway management, new clinical subspecialties and related professional organizations such as Anesthesia for Bronchoscopy, the Society for Head and Neck Anesthesia, and fellowship training programs related to advanced airway management are also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the use of checklists and guidelines to enhance patient safety and the value of large databases in airway management research.