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Lefamulin: The First Systemic Pleuromutilin Antibiotic.
Elias B Chahine1, Allana J Sucher2
1Lloyld L. Gregory School of Pharmacy, Palm Beach Atlantic University, West Palm Beach, FL, USA.
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|June 5, 2020
Summary
Lefamulin is a new pleuromutilin antibiotic effective for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). It shows efficacy comparable to moxifloxacin but has potential side effects and is contraindicated with certain drugs.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and microbiology
- Clinical efficacy and safety
- Antibiotic resistance
Background:
- Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) poses a significant challenge due to rising antibiotic resistance.
- Existing treatments like macrolides and fluoroquinolones face limitations due to resistance and safety concerns.
- Novel antibiotic classes are needed to address these challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pharmacology, microbiology, efficacy, and safety of lefamulin.
- To evaluate lefamulin as a treatment option for CABP.
- To compare lefamulin with existing therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar (2010-2020).
- Inclusion of English-language articles assessing lefamulin's efficacy and safety.
- Inclusion of conference abstracts, prescribing information, and regulatory documents.
Main Results:
- Lefamulin demonstrated noninferiority to moxifloxacin in treating CABP.
- It exhibits activity against key pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Adverse events include injection site reactions, elevated liver enzymes, and gastrointestinal upset. Lefamulin is associated with QT prolongation.
Conclusions:
- Lefamulin is the first systemic pleuromutilin antibiotic approved for adults with CABP.
- It offers an alternative to traditional antibiotics, particularly in light of resistance and safety issues.
- Potential side effects and drug interactions require careful patient management.
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