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Diarrhea Induced by Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Compared With Chemotherapy: Potential Role of the

Kate R Secombe1, Ysabella Z A Van Sebille2, Bronwen J Mayo3

  • 1Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Integrative Cancer Therapies
|June 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (SM-TKIs) can cause diarrhea. Research suggests the gut microbiome may play a role in mitigating this side effect, warranting further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (SM-TKIs) are targeted cancer therapies with potentially fewer side effects than chemotherapy.
  • Diarrhea is a common and significant adverse event in patients treated with SM-TKIs, with its pathogenesis not fully understood.
  • Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) is a well-studied condition, offering a potential model for understanding SM-TKI-induced diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the current understanding of the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) and SM-TKI-induced diarrhea.
  • To explore how similar research methodologies applied to both types of diarrhea could yield beneficial insights.
  • To investigate the potential role of the gut microbiome in the development of SM-TKI-induced diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review comparing existing knowledge on CID and SM-TKI-induced diarrhea.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding the interaction between cancer therapies and the gut microbiome.
  • Comparative analysis of research approaches for studying treatment-induced gastrointestinal toxicities.

Main Results:

  • Both chemotherapy and SM-TKIs show potential interactions with the gut microbiome.
  • Evidence suggests the gut microbiome's composition and function may influence the risk and severity of treatment-induced diarrhea.
  • A unified research approach may accelerate understanding of these complex interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiome is a promising area for investigation in the context of SM-TKI-induced diarrhea.
  • Understanding microbiome-therapy interactions could lead to novel strategies for preventing or managing diarrhea in cancer patients.
  • Further research into the gut microbiome's role is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing adverse events associated with targeted cancer therapies.
Keywords:
chemotherapydiarrheamicrobiomesupportive caretyrosine kinase inhibitors

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