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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
407

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
05:12

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Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy vs Conventional open thyroid lobectomy.

Mariam Imran1, Zahid Mehmood2, Muhammad Naseem Baloch3

  • 1Dr. Mariam Imran, Department of Surgery Ward 25, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|June 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy offers superior cosmetic results and patient satisfaction with scars compared to conventional open surgery. While minor complications occurred, they were temporary, making it a viable alternative for specific thyroid conditions.

Keywords:
Conventional lobectomyEndoscopic lobectomySolitary thyroid nodule

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrine Surgery
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
  • Thyroid Pathology

Background:

  • Conventional open thyroidectomy involves neck incisions, leading to prominent scars and risks like hemorrhage.
  • Video-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy, particularly the axillo-breast approach, offers improved cosmesis and promising results.
  • This study compares open conventional surgery with minimally invasive endoscopic techniques for suspicious nontoxic thyroid swellings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare patient satisfaction and complication rates between conventional open thyroid lobectomy and endoscopic thyroid lobectomy.
  • To evaluate the cosmetic outcomes and immediate risks associated with each surgical approach.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized comparative study of 60 patients from February 2018 to February 2019.
  • Group I: Conventional open lobectomy; Group II: Endoscopic lobectomy (axillo-breast approach).
  • Inclusion criteria: Nodules < 3cm, Thy 1-2; Exclusion criteria: Nodules > 3cm, multinodular goiter, recurrent nodules, Thy 3-6.

Main Results:

  • Endoscopic lobectomy patients reported significantly higher satisfaction with scar marks.
  • Post-operative complications in the endoscopic group included hoarseness (13.62%), seroma (9.08%), and erythema (13.62%).
  • No postoperative complications were observed in the open thyroid lobectomy group; hypocalcemia was not noted in either approach.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic thyroidectomy may have a higher incidence of minor, self-resolving complications compared to open surgery.
  • Despite minor complications, endoscopic lobectomy provides significantly better scar satisfaction.
  • Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy is a viable alternative for selected patients, prioritizing cosmetic outcomes.