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Triglycerides and ASCVD Risk Reduction: Recent Insights and Future Directions
Aliza Hussain1, Christie M Ballantyne1,2, Anum Saeed3
1Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Current Atherosclerosis Reports
|June 5, 2020
Summary
Triglycerides (TG) and TG-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) are causally linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Emerging therapies show promise in lowering TG and reducing ASCVD risk, especially in high-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Lipidology
Background:
- Triglycerides (TG) and triglyceride-enriched lipoproteins (TGRL) are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
- Understanding the causal link between TGRL and ASCVD is crucial for developing effective risk reduction strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent evidence on the role of TG and TGRL in ASCVD.
- To provide an overview of current and emerging TG-lowering therapies for ASCVD risk reduction.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological and Mendelian randomization studies.
- Analysis of clinical trial data for TG-lowering therapies, including icosapent ethyl, and RNA-interfering therapies targeting APOC3 and ANGPTL3.
Main Results:
- Consistent evidence shows a strong association between TGRL and ASCVD.
- The REDUCE-IT trial demonstrated cardiovascular benefits of icosapent ethyl in high-risk patients.
- Genetic studies and early trials support the efficacy of targeting APOC3 and ANGPTL3 for TG lowering.
Conclusions:
- TG and TGRL are causally associated with ASCVD.
- Lifestyle modifications and statins are first-line treatments; icosapent ethyl reduces residual risk in high-risk patients.
- Further research is needed to optimize therapy for patients with residual hypertriglyceridemia on statins.
Keywords:
ASCVDAngiopoietin 3Apolipoprotein C3Omega-3 fatty acidsTriglyceride-rich lipoproteinsTriglyceridesMore Related Videos
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