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Updated: Dec 19, 2025

DUCT: Double Resin Casting followed by Micro-Computed Tomography for 3D Liver Analysis
Published on: September 28, 2021
Outbreak of hepatitis C virus infections originating from a breach in safe injection practices before
C Balmelli1, G Merlani2, G Martinetti1
1Division of Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Four patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning were infected with hepatitis C virus from a contaminated multi-dose vial of NaCl. The outbreak likely occurred due to a breach in safe injection practices, resulting in contamination of the vial. Not all patients exposed to the same vial were infected. The uneven distribution of infections could be attributed to a stochastic effect of a low infectious dose. This implies that outbreak investigations need to be extended to all patients scheduled before and after the first identified infected patient to confirm or rule out nosocomial transmission.
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