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Related Concept Videos

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Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Focus to an attribute with verbal or numerical quantifiers affects the attribute framing effect.

Dawn Liu1, Marie Juanchich1, Miroslav Sirota1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom.

Acta Psychologica
|June 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Positive framing is more persuasive than negative framing. However, using words like "high" instead of numbers like "75%" did not increase this framing effect in studies on attribute framing.

Keywords:
Associative encodingAttribute framingFocusFraming effectPragmatic inferenceQuantifiers

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Consumer Behavior
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Framing effects demonstrate how information presentation influences judgment.
  • Positive attribute frames (e.g., "75% lean") are generally more persuasive than negative frames (e.g., "25% fat").
  • Verbal quantifiers (e.g., "high lean") may amplify framing effects due to intuitive processing or attribute focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if verbal quantifiers magnify the framing effect compared to numerical quantifiers.
  • To explore the role of attribute focus in mediating framing effects.
  • To test predictions based on intuitive processing and linguistic signaling theories.

Main Methods:

  • Three pre-registered experiments manipulated attribute frame (positive/negative) and quantifier format (verbal/numerical).
  • Participants evaluated product attributes presented with different frames and quantifiers.
  • Attribute focus was measured by analyzing sentence completions related to the attribute.

Main Results:

  • A robust framing effect was observed, with positive frames being more persuasive.
  • Attribute focus partially mediated the framing effect.
  • The use of verbal quantifiers did not significantly increase the magnitude of the framing effect compared to numerical quantifiers.

Conclusions:

  • Focusing on product attributes contributes to framing effects.
  • Contrary to predictions, verbal quantifiers do not enhance framing effects more than numerical quantifiers.
  • The format of quantifiers does not differentially impact attribute focus in framing effects.