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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

158
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
158
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

157
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
157
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

176
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
176
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

131
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
131
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

125
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
125
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

134
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
134

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Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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Maldigestion Versus Malabsorption in the Elderly.

Lawrence R Schiller1

  • 1Baylor University Medical Center, 260 Wadley Tower, 3500 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA. LRSMD@aol.com.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|June 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Maldigestion and malabsorption are not common in older adults, but concurrent illnesses can cause them. A high suspicion is needed for diagnosis, especially with weight loss or nutrient deficiencies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Geriatrics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Malnourishment may be increasing in hospitalized older adults, but often due to reduced intake, not maldigestion or malabsorption.
  • Digestive and absorptive mechanisms remain resilient in old age.
  • Concurrent illnesses are the primary drivers of malabsorption in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on maldigestion and malabsorption in older adults.
  • To identify common causes and diagnostic approaches for these conditions in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recently published studies.
  • Analysis of diagnostic schemes for maldigestion and malabsorption in older individuals.

Main Results:

  • Illnesses like small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and diabetes are common causes.
  • Previous surgeries and medications can also induce malabsorption.
  • Elderly patients may present differently, leading to delayed diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Maldigestion and malabsorption occur in older adults and require a high index of suspicion.
  • Early recognition is crucial, particularly when weight loss, sarcopenia, or nutrient deficiencies are present.
  • Diagnostic testing is similar to that used in younger patients.