Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Classification and Identification01:28

Methods of Classification and Identification

810
Bacterial identification relies on a diverse array of techniques to classify and understand microorganisms, each tailored to uncover specific characteristics. Traditional morphological approaches, while still valuable, are limited for closely related or structurally simple organisms. Modern methods integrate biochemical, serological, genetic, and advanced molecular tools to achieve greater accuracy.Morphological and Biochemical TechniquesMorphological characteristics, such as cell shape and...
810
Bacterial Phylum Cyanobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Cyanobacteria

376
Cyanobacteria are a diverse group of oxygenic, phototrophic bacteria that played a pivotal role in converting Earth’s atmosphere from anoxic to oxygen-rich billions of years ago. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity, ranging from unicellular forms to filamentous types, with cell sizes varying between 0.5 μm and 100 μm. Cyanobacteria are classified into five groups: Chroococcales (unicellular, dividing by binary fission), Pleurocapsales (unicellular, dividing by...
376
Microbial Classification System01:24

Microbial Classification System

662
Classification is the process of organizing organisms into hierarchically inclusive groups based on their phenotypic similarities or evolutionary relationships. A species comprises one or more strains, and closely related species are grouped into genera. Genera are further classified into families, families into orders, orders into classes, and so forth, up to the domain level, which is the broadest taxonomic rank derived from a combination of phenotypic and genotypic data.The nomenclature of...
662
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

477
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
477
Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria01:28

Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria

615
Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms that perform photosynthesis without producing oxygen. They primarily include purple sulfur bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, and green nonsulfur bacteria. These bacteria are classified into the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Chlorobi, and Chloroflexi lineages, each with distinct physiological and ecological adaptations.Purple sulfur bacteria belong to the...
615
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy01:20

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

400
Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
400

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Observation of an optical spring in a robustly controlled signal-recycled Michelson interferometer.

Optics express·2025
Same author

A clinicopathological study of IgG4-related autoimmune hepatitis and IgG4-hepatopathy.

Journal of gastroenterology·2025
Same author

Clinical significance of early kinetics of C‑reactive protein in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab: Flare response and baseline levels predict oncological outcomes.

Oncology letters·2024
Same author

RECAM-J 2023-Validation and development of the Japanese version of RECAM for the diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury.

Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·2024
Same author

Kerr-Enhanced Optical Spring.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Mobilize a Proton to Transform the Collision-Induced Dissociation Spectral Pattern of a Cyclic Peptide.

Mass spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy
07:13

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy

Published on: February 25, 2021

4.3K

Cyanobacterial Classification with the Toxicity Using MALDI Biotyper.

Hirohiko Asukabe1, Satoko Akahori1, Ema Ueno1

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Yagotoyama 150, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|June 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to classify cyanobacteria, including toxic Microcystis strains, by analyzing their specific toxins.

Keywords:
MALDI Biotypercyanobacteriamicrocystinsprofiling

More Related Videos

Experimental Protocol for Detecting Cyanobacteria in Liquid and Solid Samples with an Antibody Microarray Chip
10:57

Experimental Protocol for Detecting Cyanobacteria in Liquid and Solid Samples with an Antibody Microarray Chip

Published on: February 7, 2017

9.4K
Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS
06:34

Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS

Published on: July 11, 2016

19.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy
07:13

Early Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Associated Cyanotoxins using Fast Detection Strategy

Published on: February 25, 2021

4.3K
Experimental Protocol for Detecting Cyanobacteria in Liquid and Solid Samples with an Antibody Microarray Chip
10:57

Experimental Protocol for Detecting Cyanobacteria in Liquid and Solid Samples with an Antibody Microarray Chip

Published on: February 7, 2017

9.4K
Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS
06:34

Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS

Published on: July 11, 2016

19.7K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Cyanobacterial toxin detection

Background:

  • Eutrophication leads to harmful cyanobacterial blooms, particularly toxic Microcystis species producing microcystins (MCs).
  • MALDI-TOF MS is a rapid method for cyanobacteria classification, but its application for toxicity assessment is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize MALDI-TOF MS for classifying cyanobacteria based on toxicity.
  • To simultaneously detect cyanobacterial fingerprints and microcystins (MCs) for accurate classification.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized MALDI-TOF MS conditions for intact cyanobacterial cells using Biotyper software.
  • Extended detection mass range and suppressed intense ions for simultaneous observation of large molecules and small MCs.
  • Expanded spectral libraries to over 30 genera and 80 strains.

Main Results:

  • Optimized MALDI-TOF MS successfully differentiated toxic and non-toxic Microcystis strains.
  • Identified a distinct cluster of non-toxic strains possessing the MC biosynthesis gene mcyG.
  • Characterized a field sample as a mixture of toxic and non-toxic Microcystis cells without prior isolation.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized MALDI-TOF MS provides a reliable method for classifying cyanobacteria by toxicity.
  • This technique allows for rapid identification of toxic Microcystis blooms in environmental samples.
  • The expanded spectral library enhances the accuracy and scope of cyanobacterial classification.