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Updated: Dec 19, 2025
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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Published on: June 29, 2013
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Normal reference ranges for fetal cardiac function: Assessed by modified Doppler myocardial performance index (Mod
Sief Ali1, Ahmed Okasha2, Sherif Elsirgany2
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Assiut University, Egypt.
Summary
This study established normal reference ranges for the modified Doppler myocardial performance index (Mod MPI) in pregnancies between 20-35 weeks. Maternal factors like age, BMI, and parity did not influence Mod MPI values.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Fetal Medicine
- Obstetrics
Background:
- The modified Doppler myocardial performance index (Mod MPI) is a crucial echocardiographic parameter for assessing fetal cardiac function.
- Establishing gestational age-specific reference ranges is essential for accurate interpretation of Mod MPI in clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine gestational age-based reference ranges for the modified Doppler myocardial performance index (Mod MPI) in healthy pregnancies.
- To investigate the influence of maternal characteristics (age, BMI, parity) on Mod MPI measurements.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1021 healthy pregnancies (20+0 to 35+6 weeks' gestation).
- Mod MPI was measured using a standardized method.
- Median and standard deviation models were used to establish reference ranges against gestational age.
Main Results:
- The normal Mod MPI range in the second and third trimesters (20+1 to 35+6 weeks) was determined as 0.408 ± 0.08.
- Maternal age, body mass index (BMI), and parity were found to have no significant effect on Mod MPI values (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
- This study provides normal reference ranges for Mod MPI, including 5th, 10th, 90th, and 95th centiles, stratified by gestational age.
- Maternal characteristics do not appear to influence Mod MPI values, simplifying its interpretation in clinical settings.
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