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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Climate science
  • Soil science

Background:

  • Microbial decomposition of permafrost carbon is a key climate feedback.
  • Understanding microbes that degrade recalcitrant carbon is crucial for climate predictions.
  • Arctic tundra soils store vast amounts of organic carbon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify microbes decomposing lignin in Arctic tundra soils.
  • Assess the impact of warming on these microbial decomposers.
  • Quantify the effect of warming on soil carbon instability.

Main Methods:

  • Stable isotope probing of Arctic tundra soil.
  • Laboratory incubation to deplete labile soil carbon (975 days).
  • Microbial community analysis and climate-carbon modeling.

Main Results:

  • The β-Proteobacteria genus Burkholderia dominated potential lignin decomposers (95.1%).
  • Warming (2.2°C) increased abundance and activity of lignin decomposers, including α-Proteobacteria (82-fold increase).
  • Warming doubled the soil priming effect, increasing carbon instability.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerated carbon decomposition under warming makes tundra soils a larger biospheric carbon source than anticipated.
  • Warming significantly enhances microbial decomposition of previously frozen organic carbon.
  • Arctic permafrost regions pose a greater risk for positive climate feedbacks.