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Updated: Dec 19, 2025
Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
Published on: July 17, 2020
Subclassification of recreational runners with a running-related injury based on running kinematics evaluated with
Bart Dingenen1, Filip Staes2, Romy Vanelderen1
1Reval Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Objectives:
To explore whether homogeneous subgroups could be discriminated within a population of recreational runners with a running-related injury based on running kinematics evaluated with marker-based two-dimensional video analysis.
Design:
Cross-sectional.
Setting:
Research laboratory.
Participants:
Fifty-three recreational runners (15 males, 38 females) with a running-related injury.
Main Outcome Measures:
Foot and tibia inclination at initial contact, and hip adduction and knee flexion at midstance were measured in the frontal and sagittal plane with marker-based two-dimensional video analysis during shod running on a treadmill at preferred speed. The four outcome measures were clustered using K-means cluster analysis (n = 2-10). Silhouette coefficients were used to detect optimal clustering.
Results:
The cluster analysis led to the classification of two distinct subgroups (mean silhouette coefficient = 0.53). Subgroup 1 (n = 39) was characterized by significantly greater foot inclination and tibia inclination at initial contact compared to subgroup 2 (n = 14).
Conclusion:
The existence of different subgroups demonstrate that the same running-related injury can be represented by different kinematic presentations. A subclassification based on the kinematic presentation may help clinicians in their clinical reasoning process when evaluating runners with a running-related injury and could inform targeted intervention strategy development.
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