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Could autism spectrum disorders be a risk factor for COVID-19?
Matheus Eugênio de Sousa Lima1, Levi Coelho Maia Barros1, Gislei Frota Aragão2
1Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Medicina, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Medical Hypotheses
|June 7, 2020
Summary
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may increase the risk of severe COVID-19. ASD involves immune system changes that could worsen coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic poses global health risks, with certain conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity linked to severe outcomes.
- COVID-19 pathogenesis involves a "cytokine storm," leading to systemic inflammation, cardiac, and pulmonary damage, alongside impaired lymphocyte function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as a risk factor for severe COVID-19.
- To explore the immunological similarities between ASD and severe COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- This study is a hypothesis-generating review based on existing literature.
- Comparative analysis of immunological profiles in ASD and COVID-19.
Main Results:
- ASD is characterized by genetic and immune alterations, including elevated inflammatory cytokines and aberrant immune responses.
- These immune dysregulations in ASD share similarities with the inflammatory processes observed in severe COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- The immune dysregulation and inflammatory state in ASD suggest it could be a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19.
- Further research is warranted to validate ASD as a risk factor and understand its impact on COVID-19 prognosis.
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