Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

799
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
799
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

7.5K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
7.5K
Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

575
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
575
Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II01:28

Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II

1.0K
The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
1.0K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

1.4K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.4K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

1.1K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sequential pathway analysis of sex differences in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.

Women's health (London, England)·2026
Same author

Advance Care Planning Documentation Completeness and End-of-Life Care: Trends and Associations Using HRS 2010-2022 Data.

The American journal of hospice & palliative care·2026
Same author

Associations Between Tattooing and Health Status: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of Adults in Utah, 2020-2022.

Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)·2026
Same author

How assessment method shapes reported reasons for quitting or reducing alcohol in a sample treated for alcohol use.

Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)·2026
Same author

Post-stroke cognitive decline among women in midlife.

Women's health (London, England)·2026
Same author

Trends in GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2-Inhibitor Utilization and Expenditure Between 2017-2023: Demographic, Income, and Insurance Associations.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same journal

Lead exposure and risk of ADHD and conduct disorders in children: evidence from a retrospective cohort in Philadelphia, PA.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same journal

Observational and genetically-informed characterization of Gulf War Illness symptoms in 1990-1991 Gulf War deployed Veterans and non-deployed Gulf War Era Veterans.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same journal

Air pollution and disease progression among patients with primary glomerular disease: an expanded study with extended follow-up.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same journal

Not just splitting hairs-monitoring environmental chemical exposures, their biological effects and their social determinants with hair shafts and follicles: a narrative review.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same journal

Placental CYP450 gene dysregulation by maternal PFAS: a novel mechanism linking prenatal exposure to altered toddler growth.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
Same journal

Preconception and early-pregnancy exposure to ambient air pollution and trajectories of depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

Environmental health : a global access science source·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

15.0K

Cancer rates not explained by smoking: a county-level analysis.

Douglas J Myers1, Polly Hoppin2, Molly Jacobs2

  • 1Department of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID, 83725, USA. douglasmyers@boisestate.edu.

Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source
|June 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complete smoking cessation could significantly reduce cancer rates by nearly 40%, especially for lung cancers. However, this alone won't eliminate cancer trends, highlighting the need to address environmental carcinogens alongside lifestyle changes.

Keywords:
Cancer preventionEpidemiologySmoking cessationSmoking-related cancers

More Related Videos

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
06:07

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Published on: October 22, 2020

7.3K
Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
06:46

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

564

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

15.0K
Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
06:07

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Published on: October 22, 2020

7.3K
Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
06:46

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

564

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Long-standing debate on lifestyle vs. environmental factors in cancer etiology.
  • Cigarette smoking is a primary cancer risk factor, but environmental/occupational carcinogen impact remains debated.
  • Current cancer prevention often emphasizes smoking cessation and personal behaviors, with less focus on environmental chemical exposures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential impact of smoking cessation on cancer incidence rates.
  • To quantify the effect of eliminating smoking on 12 smoking-related cancer types.
  • To inform cancer prevention priorities by comparing smoking cessation impact with other risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SEER database cancer incidence data from 612 counties (2006-2016).
  • Employed multilevel mixed-effects regression to link county-level smoking prevalence with cancer incidence.
  • Simulated complete smoking cessation to estimate changes in county-level cancer rates.

Main Results:

  • Simulated smoking cessation predicted a 39.8% decrease in 12 smoking-related cancer types (54.9% for airway cancers).
  • While actual cancer rates declined, complete smoking elimination did not alter the incidence trend negatively.
  • Unequal benefits predicted across counties; some may see less than 10% reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking prevention has driven significant cancer reductions, but complete cessation won't eliminate trends for all related cancers.
  • Approximately 60% of cases for these 12 cancer types would remain even with zero smoking.
  • Future cancer prevention must integrate lifestyle changes with addressing environmental and occupational carcinogens.