Global Vaccine Action Plan Lessons Learned II: Stakeholder Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Global Health Policy
• Immunization Programs

Background:

• The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) was established in 2012 to enhance global immunization efforts.
• Despite progress, four of the five GVAP goals are projected to be missed by the end of the decade.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness and identify limitations of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP).
• To gather insights from stakeholders to inform future immunization strategies.

Main Methods:

• Conducted three surveys and two sets of semi-structured interviews with immunization stakeholders globally, regionally, and nationally between 2017 and 2019.
• Included diverse respondents involved in GVAP development, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, and accountability (M&E/A).

Main Results:

• GVAP successfully increased immunization visibility and provided a beneficial M&E/A framework.
• Key limitations identified were insufficient country and stakeholder ownership, leading to incomplete strategy implementation and poor accountability for targets.

Conclusions:

• Findings informed the review of GVAP and the development of its successor, the Immunization Agenda 2030.
• Challenges in evaluating GVAP included reliance on stakeholder perspectives and difficulties in attributing benefits, which must be considered for future strategy assessments.