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Natural SIRT1 modifiers as promising therapeutic agents for improving diabetic wound healing
Pranav Kumar Prabhakar1, Karmveer Singh2, Dhiraj Kabra3
1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University Punjab, India 144411.
Background:
The occurrence of chronic wounds, account for significant suffering of diabetic people, together with increasing healthcare burden. The chronic wounds associated with diabetes do not undergo the normal healing process rather stagnate into chronic proinflammatory phase as well as declined fibroblast function and impaired cell migration.
Hypothesis:
SIRT1, which is the most studied isoform of the sirtuin family in mammals, has now emerged as a crucial target for improving diabetic wound healing. It is an NAD+ dependent deacetylase, originally characterized to deacetylate histone proteins leading to heterochromatin formation and gene silencing. It is now known to regulate a number of cellular processes like cell proliferation, division, senescence, apoptosis, DNA repair, and metabolism.
Methodology:
The retrieval of potentially relevant studies was done by systematically searching of three databases (Google Scholar, Web of science and PubMed) in December 2019. The keywords used as search terms were related to SIRT1 and wound healing. The systematic search retrieved 649 papers that were potentially relevant and after selection procedure, 73 studies were included this review and discussed below.
Results:
Many SIRT1 activating compounds (SACs) were found protective and improve diabetic wound healing through regulation of inflammation, cell migration, oxidative stress response and formation of granulation tissue at the wound site.
Conclusions:
However, contradictory reports describe the opposing role of SACs on the regulation of cell migration and cancer incidence. SACs are therefore subjected to intense research for understanding the mechanisms responsible for controlling cell migration and therefore possess prospective to enter the clinical arena in the foreseeable future.
Insights
SIRT1 activating compounds show promise for improving diabetic wound healing by regulating inflammation and cell migration. Further research is needed to understand their mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Diabetic chronic wounds cause significant suffering and healthcare costs.
- These wounds fail to heal normally, entering a chronic inflammatory phase with impaired fibroblast function and cell migration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of SIRT1 (NAD+-dependent deacetylase) in diabetic wound healing.
- To explore SIRT1 activating compounds (SACs) as a therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.
- Included 73 studies after reviewing 649 potentially relevant papers.
Main Results:
- SIRT1 activating compounds (SACs) demonstrate protective effects in diabetic wound healing.
- SACs regulate inflammation, cell migration, oxidative stress, and granulation tissue formation.
Conclusions:
- SACs show potential for clinical application in diabetic wound healing.
- Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of SACs, particularly regarding cell migration and potential cancer incidence.
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