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Executive function phenotypes in pediatric obesity.

Marissa Gowey1, David Redden1, Crystal Lim2

  • 1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

Pediatric Obesity
|June 8, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with obesity and executive function (EF) impairments show increased behavioral and emotional symptoms. Identifying EF patterns can help tailor treatments for pediatric obesity.

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adolescentschildrenexecutive functionobesityparentsphenotypes

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Executive function (EF) is crucial for self-regulation and goal-directed behavior in children.
  • Obesity in youth is a complex condition often associated with behavioral and emotional challenges.
  • Understanding the interplay between EF and behavioral phenotypes in pediatric obesity is essential for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavioral phenotypes of children with obesity and varying degrees of executive function (EF) impairments.
  • To identify distinct EF profiles within a clinical sample of youth with obesity.
  • To examine the relationship between EF impairments and behavioral/emotional symptoms in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical sample of 195 youth (aged 8-17) with obesity and their caregivers participated.
  • Caregiver-proxy reports of EF were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function.
  • Latent Class Analysis identified EF groupings, with subsequent ANOVA and chi-square tests examining associations with behavioral phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct latent classes of EF impairment were identified: No/Low Impairment, Behavioral Regulation Impairment, Metacognition Impairment, and Global Impairment.
  • A positive association was observed between EF impairment severity and the presence of behavioral/emotional symptoms.
  • Symptoms tended to increase as the level of executive function impairment increased.

Conclusions:

  • Youth with obesity and EF impairments exhibit a dysregulated behavioral phenotype, encompassing internalizing, externalizing, and weight-related symptoms.
  • A phenotype framework based on EF can aid in developing, tailoring, and matching treatments for pediatric obesity.
  • Clinical assessment of EF in children with obesity can inform personalized intervention strategies.