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Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with dysglycaemia: A neglected cardiovascular risk factor?

Giulia Ferrannini1, Elisabet Svenungsson2, Barbro Kjellström1

  • 1Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research
|June 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study found a link between antiphospholipid antibody IgG positivity and dysglycaemia (high blood sugar). Further research is needed to confirm if this antibody indicates higher risk for vascular issues in diabetic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease is a significant complication in patients with dysglycaemia (type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance).
  • Identifying atherothrombotic disease markers in dysglycaemic patients is crucial.
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome, characterized by thrombosis and specific antibodies, has limited documented association with dysglycaemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between antiphospholipid antibodies and dysglycaemia.
  • To explore potential links between specific antiphospholipid antibodies and markers of glucose metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • The study analyzed data from the PAROKRANK cohort, including 805 patients post-myocardial infarction and 805 controls.
  • Participants without known diabetes (91%) underwent oral glucose tolerance testing.
  • Associations between antiphospholipid antibodies (aCL and anti-β2GPI IgG, IgM, IgA) and dysglycaemia were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Dysglycaemia was diagnosed in 32% of participants (137 with known diabetes, 371 newly diagnosed).
  • Dysglycaemic individuals showed a higher incidence of first myocardial infarction and increased antiphospholipid antibody IgG positivity (8% vs 5%).
  • HbA1c, fasting glucose, and 2-h glucose levels were significantly associated with antiphospholipid antibody IgG positivity (ORs ranging from 1.04 to 1.14).

Conclusions:

  • An association exists between antiphospholipid antibody IgG positivity and dysglycaemia.
  • Further research is required to validate these findings.
  • Investigating the efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in antiphospholipid antibody-positive dysglycaemic patients is warranted.
Abstract

Keywords:
Antiphospholipid antibodiesantithrombotic agentsdiabetes mellitusglucose tolerance testmyocardial infarction

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