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Related Concept Videos

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Environmental factors in epithelial barrier dysfunction.

Zeynep Celebi Sözener1, Lacin Cevhertas2, Kari Nadeau3

  • 1Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Herman-Burchard Strasse 9, Davos, Switzerland; Department of Chest Diseases, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|June 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental exposures disrupt epithelial barriers, increasing permeability and triggering immune responses. This article reviews how factors like pollution and allergens impact barrier integrity, contributing to allergic diseases.

Keywords:
Epithelial barrierdetergentsmicroplasticsnanoparticlesozoneparticulate matterprotease allergens

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Epithelial barriers in skin, gut, and airways are crucial interfaces between the host and environment.
  • Industrialization increased exposure to environmental insults (the exposome), disrupting barrier integrity.
  • Environmental factors degrade intercellular junction proteins, increasing permeability and triggering immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the impact of environmental factors on epithelial barrier integrity.
  • To explore the link between environmental exposures and type 2 immune responses.
  • To examine the epithelial barrier hypothesis in the context of modern environmental challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on environmental factors and epithelial barriers.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which environmental insults affect tight and adherens junctions.
  • Discussion of cytokine responses (e.g., IL-25, IL-33, TSLP) to barrier disruption.

Main Results:

  • Environmental factors like pollutants, allergens, and microplastics compromise epithelial barrier function.
  • Disrupted barriers lead to increased permeability and activation of type 2 immunity.
  • This contributes to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as asthma and atopic dermatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Epithelial barrier integrity is a critical factor in host defense and immune homeostasis.
  • Environmental exposures significantly threaten barrier function, driving allergic inflammation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to developing strategies against environmentally-induced diseases.