Evaluating the Impact of Office Hysteroscopy in a Military Treatment Facility

Office hysteroscopy has become a cornerstone of modern gynecologic care through the advent of advanced technology and emphasis on an efficient healthcare system. In 2017, Medicare announced an increase in office hysteroscopy reimbursement by 237%, giving an incentive for gynecologists to move from the operating room into the clinic. The U.S. military medical system needs more cost-effective and efficient healthcare, given that the cost of military healthcare increased by 130% between 2000 and 2012 (accounting for 10% or $52 billion of the Department of Defense budget). Within our institution, we have moved to conducting a regularly scheduled outpatient hysteroscopy clinic. Increased healthcare costs, decreased available operating room time, and efforts to boost patient and provider satisfaction drove the change.

After institutional review board approval, we performed a retrospective observational cost-benefit analysis of 235 outpatient and 45 inpatient records that included female military healthcare beneficiaries age 18 or older who had diagnostic or operative hysteroscopy performed in the operating room or office setting from January 2015 to October 2018. We specifically focused on diagnostic hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic biopsy and polypectomy, and hysteroscopic foreign body removal (intrauterine device removal). We then compared admission time, procedure time, reimbursement, and cost for each of the hysteroscopic procedure groups to yield a total cost-benefit value (TCBV). TCBV was defined as cost savings plus difference in reimbursement rate.

This study analyzes the costs and benefits of a regularly scheduled hysteroscopy clinic within the U.S. military medical system. We performed a cost-benefit analysis that indicated a substantial difference between clinic and operating room TCBV, total relative value units or reimbursement rates, and total patient care time. We found the average admission time for an inpatient procedure was 6.23 hours compared to our standard 1-hour clinic time. The average success rate for procedure completion in the clinic was 89%. We found the average TCBV for 100 patients (after 11% reoperation rate) to be as high as $64,220, $159,940, and $66,709 for diagnostic hysteroscopy, hysteroscopic biopsy and polypectomy, and hysteroscopic foreign body (intrauterine device) removal, respectively.

Compared to traditional operating room hysteroscopy, we were able to demonstrate reduced costs with increased reimbursement while performing the same scope of care for patients undergoing office hysteroscopy. Decreased total time in performing office hysteroscopy suggests the potential benefit of increased patient and provider satisfaction. Our study indicated substantial incentive for military gynecologists to incorporate office hysteroscopy into their practice given the increased relative value units generated. Our office hysteroscopy protocol is discussed to encourage other military facilities to follow in our footsteps.