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The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening adults 18+ for unhealthy drug use through questions. Evidence is insufficient to recommend screening for adolescents.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Substance Use Disorders

Background:

  • Unhealthy drug use affects a significant portion of US adults and adolescents.
  • Previous recommendations on screening for unhealthy drug use were from 2008.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the 2008 recommendation on screening for unhealthy drug use.
  • To review evidence on screening questions and interventions for unhealthy drug use in adults and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic reviews of evidence on screening for unhealthy drug use.
  • Focus on primary care settings for adults and adolescents aged 12-17.
  • Exclusion of individuals with diagnosed drug use disorders or currently in treatment.

Main Results:

  • Moderate certainty that screening adults 18+ by asking questions about unhealthy drug use has a moderate net benefit.
  • Benefits and harms of screening adolescents are uncertain due to lack of evidence.

Conclusions:

  • USPSTF recommends screening adults 18 and older for unhealthy drug use via questions when appropriate services are available.
  • USPSTF found insufficient evidence to assess benefits and harms of screening adolescents for unhealthy drug use.