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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
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Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Oncolytic Activity in Human Glioma Tumors Is Dependent on CDKN2A-Type I IFN Gene

Noemi García-Romero1,2, Irina Palacín-Aliana3,4, Susana Esteban-Rubio5

  • 1Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain.

Cells
|June 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment resistance is linked to gene loss. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) shows potential for treating GBM, especially when type I interferon gene deletions are present.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis, often linked to cancer stem cells (CSCs) and therapy resistance.
  • Loss of the CDKN2A gene, near type I interferon (IFN) genes on chromosome 9p21, is common in GBM.
  • Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, possesses oncolytic and immunostimulatory properties, making it a candidate for GBM treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the CDKN2A-IFN I gene cluster in GBM.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of NDV as an oncolytic agent against GBM, particularly in relation to type I IFN gene status.
  • To explore strategies for overcoming NDV resistance in GBM.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the CDKN2A-IFN I gene cluster in 1018 glioma tumor samples.
  • Assessment of NDV oncolytic effects on six GBM CSCs ex vivo.
  • Evaluation of NDV efficacy in a mouse model of GBM.
  • Testing of NDV engineered to express influenza virus NS1 protein.

Main Results:

  • Over 50% of GBM patients exhibit deletions within the type I IFN gene cluster.
  • GBM susceptibility to NDV oncolysis is significantly influenced by the presence or absence of type I IFN genes.
  • Engineered NDV expressing influenza virus NS1 protein can overcome resistance in type I IFN-competent GBM cells.

Conclusions:

  • Type I IFN gene status is a critical factor determining GBM response to NDV therapy.
  • NDV holds promise as an oncolytic agent for GBM, especially in tumors with specific genetic alterations.
  • Genetically modified NDV vectors offer a potential strategy to enhance antitumor efficacy in GBM.
Keywords:
Interferon INewcastle disease virus (NDV)glioblastomaoncolytic virotherapy

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