Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 18, 2025
09:12
A Mouse Model of Chronic Liver Fibrosis for the Study of Biliary Atresia
Published on: February 3, 2023
3.0K
Biliary atresia: pathology, etiology and pathogenesis
Mukul Vij1, Mohamed Rela2,3
1Senior Consultant Histopathologist, Department of Pathology, Dr Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 600044.
Future Science OA
|June 11, 2020
Summary
Biliary atresia, a liver disease causing neonatal jaundice, involves bile duct obstruction. Its causes are multifactorial, including viral infections, immune responses, and genetic factors.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Biliary atresia is a progressive fibrosing obstructive cholangiopathy affecting the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary system.
- It leads to bile flow obstruction and is a common cause of neonatal jaundice.
- Histopathology reveals portal tract expansion, fibroplasia, bile ductular proliferation, and potential lobular changes like giant cells and bilirubinostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the complex etiopathogenesis of biliary atresia.
- To review proposed pathomechanisms including infectious, immune, and developmental origins.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental and clinical studies.
- Analysis of histopathological findings in liver biopsies.
- Examination of proposed pathomechanisms and contributing factors.
Main Results:
- Biliary atresia pathogenesis is multifactorial.
- Viral infections may initiate biliary epithelium destruction, triggering a Th1 immune response leading to bile duct injury and scarring.
- Defects in normal tissue remodeling and genetic predisposition are also implicated.
Conclusions:
- Biliary atresia results from a complex interplay of factors.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
594
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
594
01:17Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology
1.0K
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
1.0K
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
711
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
711
01:26Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder
1.7K
Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not...
1.7K
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
273
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
273
01:23Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
630
Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
630