Numerical study of hemodynamic and diagnostic parameters affected by stenosis in bifurcated artery

Jianfei Song1,2, Smaine Kouidri3,4, Farid Bakir1

  • 1LIFSE, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, CNAM, LIFSE, HESAM University, Paris, France.

Insights

This study uses computational fluid dynamics to analyze coronary artery stenosis development. Findings reveal how initial stenosis location and severity influence lesion progression and diagnostic assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Coronary artery stenosis, particularly in bifurcations, is a significant cardiovascular concern.
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used to study hemodynamic changes in stenotic arteries.
  • Existing research often focuses on hemodynamic parameters, with less emphasis on stenosis development and diagnostic lesion assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate stenosis development and diagnostic lesion assessments in bifurcated coronary arteries.
  • To investigate the influence of initial stenosis location on lesion progression.
  • To analyze the impact of varying stenosis severity, length, and pulse rates on hemodynamic and diagnostic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 2D unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for a bifurcated coronary artery with an initial stenosis.
  • Simulated various initial stenosis source locations.
  • Investigated different stenosis severities (30%, 50%, 70% diameter stenosis), lengths (3mm, 6mm, 9mm), and pulse rates (75, 100, 120 bpm).

Main Results:

  • The location of the initial stenosis source significantly impacts the orientation of subsequent stenosis development.
  • Stenosis severity, length, and pulse rate were systematically varied to observe their effects.
  • Hemodynamic and practical diagnostic parameters were evaluated under different conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Initial stenosis location is a critical factor determining the progression pattern of coronary artery disease.
  • Understanding these factors aids in developing more accurate diagnostic lesion assessments.
  • CFD modeling provides valuable insights into the complex mechanisms of stenotic development in coronary bifurcations.