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Blemish Formation in Processed Microfilm II.

C I Pope1

  • 1Institute for Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234.

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards. Section A, Physics and Chemistry
|June 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Processed microfilm is susceptible to blemishes caused by gaseous peroxides. Storage conditions, grain size, and fixing agents significantly impact microfilm stability and blemish formation.

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Blemish Formation in Processed Microfilm.

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Area of Science:

  • Archival Science
  • Material Science
  • Preservation Science

Background:

  • Gaseous peroxides can cause blemishes on processed microfilm.
  • Microfilm degradation is a critical concern for long-term information preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the susceptibility of processed microfilm to blemish formation.
  • To identify factors influencing microfilm blemish formation and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Two testing procedures were developed using peroxide paper and zinc powder to assess blemish susceptibility.
  • Microfilm samples were conditioned at 86% relative humidity and 26°C.
  • Different grain sizes (coarse vs. fine) and fixing agents (ammonium thiosulfate vs. sodium thiosulfate) were evaluated.
  • Oven-aged storage cartons were tested for peroxide generation.
Keywords:
Archival record filmmicrofilmmicrofilm storage cartonspermanent record filmperoxidesredox blemisheszinc powder

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Main Results:

  • Microfilm susceptibility to blemishes decreased under specific humidity and temperature conditions (86% RH, 26°C).
  • Coarse-grain microfilms exhibited lower susceptibility compared to fine-grain microfilms.
  • Fine-grain microfilms fixed with ammonium thiosulfate showed less blemish formation than those fixed with sodium thiosulfate.
  • Wetted, oven-aged microfilm storage cartons generated peroxide, which the microfilm base readily absorbed.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental conditions, microfilm grain size, and the fixing agent used are critical factors in preventing microfilm blemishes.
  • Storage carton materials can be a source of peroxides, contributing to microfilm degradation.
  • Understanding these factors is essential for improving microfilm preservation strategies.