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Genetic Biocontrol for Invasive Species.

John L Teem1, Luke Alphey2, Sarah Descamps3

  • 1ILSI Research Foundation, Washington, DC, United States.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|June 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic biocontrol offers innovative solutions for managing invasive species impacting global resources. This review examines methods like sterile-release and gene drive, evaluating their efficiency and environmental safety for sustainable pest control.

Keywords:
Trojan Female TechniqueTrojan Y Chromosomegene drivegenetic biocontrolinvasive species

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Genetics
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Invasive species pose significant threats to agriculture, food security, fisheries, and forestry worldwide.
  • Global trade facilitates the introduction and establishment of invasive species, causing ecological and economic damage.
  • While prevention is crucial, it doesn't mitigate existing economic harm from established invasive populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of genetic biocontrol for invasive species.
  • To analyze and compare various genetic biocontrol approaches.
  • To assess the efficiency, utility, cost-benefit, and regulatory aspects of different methods.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of genetic biocontrol strategies, including sterile-release, YY males, Trojan Female Technique, and gene drive.
  • Focus on methods presented at the Genetic Biocontrol for Invasive Species Workshop (Tarragona, Spain, 2019).
  • Comparative analysis of selected genetic biocontrol approaches.

Main Results:

  • Discussion of four distinct genetic biocontrol techniques.
  • Evaluation of each method's effectiveness, practical application, and economic viability.
  • Consideration of regulatory challenges for deploying genetic biocontrol agents.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic biocontrol presents a promising avenue for managing invasive species.
  • Careful consideration of environmental impact and regulatory frameworks is essential for successful implementation.
  • Further research and development are needed to optimize these techniques for sustainable invasive species management.