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Evolving cervical imaging technologies to predict preterm birth.

Stephanie Pizzella¹, Nicole El Helou¹, Jessica Chubiz¹

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Seminars in Immunopathology

|June 12, 2020

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This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting preterm birth risk is crucial. New imaging techniques offer advanced ways to assess cervical remodeling, improving early detection and intervention for this common pregnancy complication.

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Medical Imaging
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation) is a leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality.
Premature cervical remodeling is a significant factor in preterm delivery, but its mechanisms remain unclear.
Accurate prediction of preterm birth is essential for timely intervention and improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing and emerging imaging techniques for assessing cervical remodeling.
To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques in predicting preterm birth risk.
To highlight the potential of advanced imaging in understanding cervical changes during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

Brightness mode (B-mode) ultrasound for cervical length measurement (current gold standard).

Keywords:

Cervical remodeling Elastography Preterm birth Ultrasound

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Novel B-mode techniques: attenuation, cervical gland area, cervical consistency index.

Advanced imaging modalities: Shear wave elastography, Raman spectroscopy, Second harmonic generation microscopy, Photoacoustic endoscopy.

Assessment of cervical tissue properties: mechanical (stiffness, consistency), biochemical, and structural (collagen fiber).

Main Results:

B-mode ultrasound is the standard for cervical length measurement.
Emerging techniques offer quantitative assessment of cervical tissue properties.
Shear wave speed differentiates cervical ripeness.
Raman spectroscopy analyzes biochemical composition.
SHG microscopy quantifies collagen structure; photoacoustic endoscopy assesses optical properties.

Conclusions:

A combination of advanced imaging techniques and clinical data is likely necessary for accurate preterm birth prediction.
Further research into these novel methods will enhance understanding of cervical remodeling.
Improved prediction of preterm birth can lead to better management and reduced adverse outcomes.