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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Nociception01:44

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Pain01:20

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Perception01:28

Perception

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans
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Pain Perception and Management: Where do We Stand?

Bilal Afridi1, Haroon Khan1, Esra K Akkol2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200, Pakistan.

Current Molecular Pharmacology
|June 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Understanding pain

Keywords:
Pain pathwaysavailable analgesicneurotransmittersnociceptionpain managementpain perceptionunwanted effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Pain research
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pain is a complex sensation with diverse origins, including nociceptive, neuropathic, and inflammatory types.
  • Understanding pain's physical, mental, and social impact is crucial for effective management.
  • Inflammatory pain involves mediators sensitizing pain receptors (nociceptors).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on pain definitions, classifications, and underlying physiological and chemical mechanisms.
  • To explore the relationship between pain receptors and neurotransmitters for developing new treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review utilizing various search engines.
  • Inclusion of peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and chapters from standard publishers.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in pain treatment have been achieved through a better understanding of pain mechanisms.
  • Current pain management strategies include pharmacological, interventional, therapeutic, and surgical approaches.
  • Treatment modalities are tailored to the specific type, severity, and cause of pain.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced comprehension of pain physiopathology is foundational for future treatment advancements.
  • Novel technological innovations are expected to play a key role in developing reliable and effective pain therapies.