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Related Concept Videos

Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
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Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

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Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
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Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
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Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
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Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
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MARVellous Sidekick Antibodies.

Hugo Mouquet1

  • 1Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; INSERM U1222, Paris, France.

Cell Host & Microbe
|June 12, 2020
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This summary is machine-generated.

Human monoclonal antibodies show promise for Marburg virus infection. Researchers found that non-neutralizing antibodies targeting the viral spike

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Marburg virus (MARV) infection poses a significant threat, necessitating effective therapeutic strategies.
  • Human monoclonal antibodies are being explored as potential treatments for MARV infection.
  • The viral spike protein is a key target for antibody-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of non-neutralizing antibodies targeting the Marburg virus spike protein.
  • To understand the contribution of different antibody types to in vivo protection against MARV.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of antibody binding to the Marburg virus spike protein.
  • Assessment of antibody neutralization and non-neutralizing inhibitory functions.
  • Evaluation of antibody efficacy in vivo for protection against MARV infection.

Main Results:

  • Antibodies targeting the Wing region of the Marburg virus spike protein exhibit non-neutralizing inhibitory properties.
  • Both neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies are crucial for in vivo protection against MARV.
  • Non-neutralizing antibodies contribute significantly to the overall therapeutic effect.

Conclusions:

  • Non-neutralizing antibodies targeting the Marburg virus spike protein are important for controlling infection.
  • Therapeutic strategies for Marburg virus infection should consider a combination of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of non-neutralizing antibodies could lead to novel MARV treatments.