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Related Concept Videos

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Murine Excisional Wound Healing Model and Histological Morphometric Wound Analysis
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Proinflammatory cytokines regulate epidermal stem cells in wound epithelialization.

Tong Xiao1, Zhu Yan1, Shengxiang Xiao1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China.

Stem Cell Research & Therapy
|June 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review explores how proinflammatory cytokines impact epidermal stem cells during skin wound healing. It highlights therapeutic strategies targeting these cells and cytokines for better wound repair.

Keywords:
Epidermal stem cellEpithelializationProinflammatory cytokineSkinWound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Skin wounds, such as burns and ulcers, are common clinical issues.
  • Skin wound healing is a complex biological process involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.
  • Epithelialization, crucial for skin repair, relies on epidermal stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding cytokine effects on epidermal stem cells.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies for skin wound healing targeting epidermal stem cells and cytokines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies on skin wound healing.
  • Analysis of the role of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors.
  • Examination of epidermal stem cell behavior (migration, proliferation, differentiation).

Main Results:

  • Proinflammatory cytokines significantly influence epidermal stem cell functions.
  • Cytokine signaling pathways are key regulators of stem cell activity in wound repair.
  • Targeting stem cells and cytokines shows promise for therapeutic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Epidermal stem cells are critical for effective skin wound healing.
  • Modulating cytokine activity offers a promising avenue for novel wound therapies.
  • Further research into stem cell- cytokine interactions can advance regenerative medicine for skin injuries.