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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Efficient Method for Imaging Murine Lungs that Preserves Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Spores in the Airways

Efficient Method for Imaging Murine Lungs that Preserves Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Spores in the Airways

Published on: December 13, 2024

Fungal lung disease.

Georgia Koltsida¹, Theoklis Zaoutis²

¹Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Aghia Sophia Childrens Hospital, Greece.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

|June 13, 2020

Summary

Pediatric fungal lung infections present differently in immunocompetent, immunocompromised, and cystic fibrosis patients. Fungal respiratory infections are increasingly common and severe in immunocompromised children.

Keywords:

Cystic fibrosis Fungus Immunocompetent Immunocompromised

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Pulmonology
Medical Mycology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Fungal lung disease in children exhibits unique characteristics across different patient groups, including immunocompetent, immunocompromised, and cystic fibrosis populations.
Pulmonary mycoses are less common in immunocompetent children, with endemic mycoses and Aspergillomas being the most frequent diagnoses.
Recent years have seen a rise in filamentous fungi, such as Aspergillus and Scedosporium, isolated from the respiratory secretions of individuals with cystic fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the distinct presentations and increasing prevalence of fungal lung diseases in pediatric populations.
To highlight the specific challenges posed by fungal infections in immunocompromised children and those with cystic fibrosis.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on pediatric fungal respiratory infections.
Analysis of prevalence and etiological agents in different pediatric subgroups.
Synthesis of current understanding regarding risk factors and clinical manifestations.

Main Results:

Fungal lung diseases manifest differently in immunocompetent, immunocompromised, and cystic fibrosis pediatric patients.
Filamentous fungi like Aspergillus and Scedosporium are increasingly identified in cystic fibrosis patients.
Fungal respiratory infections are more frequent and severe in immunocompromised children, including those with malignancies, transplant recipients, and primary immunodeficiencies.

Conclusions:

Fungal lung infections in children require tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches based on immune status and underlying conditions.
Increased vigilance is necessary for identifying and managing fungal respiratory pathogens, particularly in vulnerable pediatric populations.
Further research is warranted to understand the evolving epidemiology and optimize treatment strategies for pediatric pulmonary mycoses.