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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Optogenetic Manipulation of Neural Circuits During Monitoring Sleep/wakefulness States in Mice

Published on: June 19, 2019

Neurons that regulate mouse torpor.

Sinisa Hrvatin¹, Senmiao Sun^2,3, Oren F Wilcox²

¹Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. sinisa_hrvatin@hms.harvard.edu.

|June 13, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified specific hypothalamic neurons that regulate torpor, a survival state in mammals. These Adcyap1-positive cells control entry, maintenance, and arousal from this energy-conserving hypothermic state.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Neuroscience
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Endothermy is key to mammalian and avian evolution, involving constant body temperature regulation.
Mammals use torpor and hibernation as survival strategies during harsh conditions, lowering body temperature significantly.
The neural mechanisms controlling these hypothermic states in homeotherms are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural regulation of torpor entry and maintenance in mammals.
To identify specific neuronal populations involved in initiating and controlling torpor bouts.
To understand the role of hypothalamic circuits in adaptive hypometabolic states.

Main Methods:

Studied torpor in mice, focusing on the medial and lateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus.
Investigated the effect of restimulating previously activated neurons on torpor initiation.
Identified and analyzed glutamatergic Adcyap1-positive neurons and their role in torpor regulation.

Main Results:

Neuronal activity in the medial and lateral hypothalamus regulates entry into mouse torpor.
Restimulating specific neurons can initiate torpor features, even without caloric restriction.
Glutamatergic Adcyap1-positive neurons' activity dictates torpor timing and their inhibition disrupts the torpor cycle.

Conclusions:

A specific population of hypothalamic Adcyap1-positive neurons acts as a core regulator of torpor in mice.
This finding provides a basis for studying the mechanisms and circuitry of extreme hypothermic and hypometabolic states.
Enables genetic manipulation to study these ancient adaptations in homeotherms.