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The role of micronutrients in thyroid dysfunction.

Amir Babiker1,2,3, Afnan Alawi2,4, Mohsen Al Atawi1,2,3

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PubMed
Summary

Nutritional factors like iodine deficiency can cause thyroid dysfunction in children. Avoiding goitrogens in the diet is crucial for thyroid health, especially in endemic regions.

Keywords:
Cruciferous vegetablesGoitrogensIodineMicronutrientsMilletSoyThyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are vital for child growth and development.
  • Nutritional factors significantly impact thyroid gland physiology.
  • Iodine deficiency is a leading global cause of hypothyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of nutrition in pediatric thyroid dysfunction.
  • To identify dietary factors contributing to thyroid disorders.
  • To emphasize the importance of nutritional guidance for thyroid health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nutritional and environmental factors affecting thyroid function.
  • Analysis of micronutrient roles in thyroid hormone synthesis.
  • Examination of goitrogenic substances in food and water.

Main Results:

  • Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of hypothyroidism.
  • Certain foods (Cruciferous vegetables, Pearl Millet, Soy, Cassava) and water contaminants (goitrogens) can induce thyroid dysfunction.
  • Dietary management is key in preventing and managing thyroid issues.

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional status critically influences pediatric thyroid health.
  • Awareness and avoidance of goitrogenic factors are essential for preventing thyroid dysfunction.
  • Dietary recommendations are vital for public health, particularly in endemic areas.