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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Pathogenic Infection.

Shintaro Shirahama1, Atsuko Miki2, Toshikatsu Kaburaki3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Genetics
|June 13, 2020
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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a dual role in pathogenic infections. These molecules can either defend against pathogens or be exploited by them to promote proliferation, highlighting their complex involvement in host-pathogen interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Recent technologies reveal non-protein-coding transcripts, termed non-coding RNAs.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression at transcriptional, translational, and degradation levels.
  • lncRNAs are implicated in biological responses, including host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of host long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in pathogenic infections.
  • To elucidate the dual functions of lncRNAs in host defense and pathogen propagation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on host lncRNAs and pathogenic infections.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating dynamic expression changes of lncRNAs during infection.

Main Results:

  • Host lncRNAs exhibit altered expression levels during pathogenic infections.
  • Some lncRNAs function as host defense molecules against pathogen proliferation.
  • Other lncRNAs are utilized by pathogens to enhance their own propagation.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are critical regulators in the host response to pathogenic infection.
  • Their roles are context-dependent, acting as either defense mechanisms or tools for pathogens.