Susceptibility and Resistance Mechanisms During Photodynamic Therapy of Melanoma
Xin-Ying Li1, Liu-Chang Tan1, Li-Wen Dong1
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Abstract:
Melanoma is the most aggressive malignant skin tumor and arises from melanocytes. The resistance of melanoma cells to various treatments results in rapid tumor growth and high mortality. As a local therapeutic modality, photodynamic therapy has been successfully applied for clinical treatment of skin diseases. Photodynamic therapy is a relatively new treatment method for various types of malignant tumors in humans and, compared to conventional treatment methods, has fewer side effects, and is more accurate and non-invasive. Although several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown encouraging results regarding the potential benefits of photodynamic therapy as an adjuvant treatment for melanoma, its clinical application remains limited owing to its relative inefficiency. This review article discusses the use of photodynamic therapy in melanoma treatment as well as the latest progress made in deciphering the mechanism of tolerance. Lastly, potential targets are identified that may improve photodynamic therapy against melanoma cells.
Insights
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promise for melanoma treatment, but its clinical use is limited by inefficiency. This review explores PDT for melanoma, mechanisms of tolerance, and potential targets to enhance efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Photomedicine
Background:
- Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with high mortality due to treatment resistance.
- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment with fewer side effects than conventional therapies.
- PDT has shown potential as an adjuvant therapy for melanoma in preclinical studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in melanoma treatment.
- To discuss the mechanisms underlying melanoma cell tolerance to PDT.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for improving PDT efficacy in melanoma.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of in vivo and in vitro studies on PDT for melanoma.
- Analysis of current understanding of PDT resistance mechanisms in melanoma.
- Identification of emerging therapeutic strategies and targets.
Main Results:
- PDT is a promising local therapy for skin diseases, including melanoma.
- Melanoma cell resistance remains a significant challenge limiting PDT's clinical application.
- Understanding tolerance mechanisms is crucial for optimizing PDT outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to overcome PDT inefficiency in melanoma.
- Targeting specific pathways could enhance PDT effectiveness against melanoma cells.
- PDT holds potential as an improved adjuvant therapy for melanoma with further development.
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