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Crosstalk between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and depression.

Yu Du1, Xin-Ran Gao1,2,3, Lei Peng1,2,3

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Heliyon
|June 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Gut microbiota imbalances are linked to depression through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Further research is needed to understand these mechanisms and develop microbiota interventions for depression treatment.

Keywords:
DepressionGut microbiotaImmunologyMicrobiota-gut-brain axisNeurologyNeuroscienceProbioticsPsychiatry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Nutritional and microbiological psychiatry is a growing field.
  • The microbiota-gut-brain axis describes communication between the gut and brain.
  • Gut microbiota imbalance is a hypothesis for depression pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review gut microbiota changes in depression.
  • Examine the link between microbiota and depression-like behavior.
  • Explore mechanisms and interventions for microbiota-related depression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on gut microbiota and depression.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms linking microbiota alterations to depression.
  • Evaluation of preliminary microbiota-based depression treatments.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota alterations can affect gut permeability, inflammation, neurotransmitters, HPA axis, and BDNF.
  • These changes are associated with depression-like behaviors.
  • Current understanding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression is incomplete.

Conclusions:

  • The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a role in depression.
  • More research is needed to elucidate causative mechanisms.
  • Further animal and clinical studies are required for microbiota interventions.